Sign and Magnitude

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One way to represent negative numbers is to make the left most bit the sign bit. The sign bit sets if the number is negative or not.

Example

00000011 = 3
10000011 = -3

Two's Complement

Two’s Complement

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Two’s compliment allows us to convert numbers from positive to negative and vice versa.

Steps

1. Flip all the bits.
2. Add 1.

Example

00000011 = 3

FLIP 11111100
ADD  00000001
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     11111101 = -3
    

Link to original